A washer is a thin, ring-shaped mechanical part, usually used between a nut and the connected component. It has a central hole, and its outer diameter is larger than that of the nut, with a simple structure. There is a wide variety of materials. Metal washers are high in strength and wear-resistant, rubber washers are excellent in elasticity and sealing performance, and plastic washers are insulating and corrosion-resistant. Its main functions include distributing pressure, compensating for dimensional errors, providing sealing, shock absorption and buffering, as well as insulation and isolation, etc. It is widely used in many fields such as machinery, construction, and automobiles, playing an important role in ensuring the reliability of connections and the normal operation of equipment.
GB93/spring washer
The information of GB93 is as follows:
diameter: 1.6 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 27 30 33 36 39 42
material: 304 316 2205 carbon steel
surface finishing: natural coating black galvanizing Dacromet coating and so on
DIN127(B)
The information of DIN127(B) is as follows.
diameter: 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 27 30 33 36
material: 304 carbon steel copper
DIN127(B)spring washers can be classified according to their performance into the following categories:
Ordinary Type
– It has basic anti-loosening performance and is suitable for general mechanical connection occasions. It has relatively weak resistance to vibration and impact and can maintain the reliability of the connection in a static or environment with small vibrations, such as the connection of components of ordinary machine tools.
Corrosion-resistant Type
– Made of corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel, it can maintain good performance in a humid environment or in the presence of corrosive gases or liquids, preventing the washer from failing due to corrosion and thus ensuring the stability of the connection. It is applicable to the connections in chemical equipment, marine engineering equipment, etc.
High-strength Type
– Usually made of high-quality alloy steel or materials that have undergone special heat treatment, it has high strength and elastic limit, and can withstand large axial tensile forces and vibration loads. It is suitable for occasions with high requirements for connection strength, such as heavy machinery and automobile engines.
Heat-resistant Type
– Manufactured from high-temperature resistant materials, such as heat-resistant alloy steel, etc., it can maintain good elasticity and anti-loosening performance in a high-temperature environment, and will not lose its elasticity or deform due to high temperatures. It is often used for the connections of high-temperature equipment such as engine exhaust systems and industrial high-temperature furnaces.
DIN125
The information of DIN125 is as follows.
diameter: 1.6 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 27 30 33 36 39
material: 304 316 2205 321 carbon steel copper
thread form: Coarse thread Fine thread and so on
surface finishing: natural coating black galvanizing Dacromet coating and so on
The performance differences of DIN 125 flat washers made of different materials are as follows:
– Carbon Steel Flat Washers: They have high strength and hardness and can withstand large fastening forces. For example, materials like 45 steel and 65Mn steel can reach a hardness of over 200HV after heat treatment. However, their corrosion resistance is poor, and they are prone to rusting in humid environments or those with corrosive media. Generally, surface treatments such as galvanizing or blackening are required to improve their corrosion resistance. Moreover, they have a relatively low cost and good economic efficiency, making them suitable for general industrial applications and places with low requirements for corrosion resistance.
– Stainless Steel Flat Washers: They possess excellent corrosion resistance and can be used for a long time without rusting in harsh conditions such as humid environments, acid-base environments, or marine climates, such as 304 (A2) and 316 (A4) stainless steel. They also have good high-temperature resistance and can maintain stable mechanical properties at relatively high temperatures. In addition, the hardness of stainless steel flat washers is generally around 200HV, with good strength and wear resistance. However, their cost is higher than that of carbon steel flat washers.
– Brass Flat Washers: They have good electrical conductivity and are suitable for electrical connection scenarios, ensuring the smooth transmission of electric current. Their corrosion resistance is also relatively good, especially in resisting atmospheric corrosion. Moreover, they have an attractive golden appearance and can be used for some decorative connection parts with requirements for appearance. However, the strength of brass flat washers is relatively low, not as good as that of carbon steel and stainless steel flat washers, and they cannot withstand too large fastening forces and impact forces.
